The head of the department of the Institute of Geography named after Academician H. Aliyev MSE AR, Doctor of Geographical Sciences, Professor Amir Aliyev, speaking at the meeting of the Presidium of ANAS with a report on the topic "Changes in the level of the Caspian Sea in modern times: causes and consequences", said: "The level of the Caspian Sea has changed dramatically 3 times over the past 100 years, the average annual sea level fell by 3.2 meters in 1930-1977 and rose to 2.5 meters in 1978-1995. Up to 50 thousand hectares of land in the coastal zone of the republic, stretching for about 850 kilometers, were flooded as a result of this process."

The scientist emphasized that the level of the Caspian Sea dropped by 2 meters in 1996-2023, and this process continues at the present time, and during this period 38 thousand hectares of land in the coastal zone of our republic came out from under sea water.

"Among the five Caspian Sea littoral states, the Republic of Azerbaijan is the state that suffers the most from the rise and fall of the sea level. Currently, more than half of our population and up to 80 percent of our industrial potential are located in the Caspian coastal zone. The sharp rise in the Caspian Sea level in 1978-1995 caused significant damage to the industrial and agricultural infrastructure located in the coastal zone," said Professor Amir Aliyev.

The scientist also noted that if the Caspian Sea level drops by another 1.5 meters (- 28.5 mBS), then a number of retreats and other important environmental problems will occur in the Nabran-Shabran coastal zone of the Caspian Sea. Problems may arise on the Absheron Peninsula, in the South-West region and the Baku Bay.

In his speech, Professor Amir Aliyev also voiced his proposals regarding the environmental problems of the Caspian Sea. Then, a broad discussion of this topic took place at a meeting of the Presidium; a number of important decisions were made.