One of the ecological problems worrying everyone recently is the decline in the Caspian Sea level. This issue has been a serious concern for scientists.In a statement to AZERTAC, Doctor of Philosophy in Geography, Associate Professor Saida Zeynalova noted that the decrease in sea level is related to several factors.The scientist said: “The first main factor is climate change and global warming. Rising air temperatures accelerate evaporation, while reduced rainfall directly affects the Caspian Sea level. The second factor is tectonic processes. Geological movements on the sea floor also play a role in level changes. The third factor is anthropogenic impacts, which arise from human activity.”

     Saida Zeynalova emphasized that throughout history, the Caspian Sea has gone through phases of rising and falling levels. Currently, a declining phase is being observed. Research on the transformation dynamics of the western coast of the Caspian Sea shows that, although the sea level is falling, this process occurs at different rates along different parts of the coast. In some areas, the decline is faster, while in others it is slower. A critical situation has not yet emerged, as historically the Caspian Sea level has fluctuated repeatedly.

     “It is important to adapt to the declining level of the Caspian Sea. To understand the current situation, it is necessary to take into account the rivers flowing into the sea. Our largest transit rivers are the Kura and Volga. Flow rates in these rivers have also decreased due to climate change. The problem is further complicated by anthropogenic impacts. During warming, the demand for water increases, which accelerates the sea level decline. Irrigation systems should be continuously monitored to prevent ecological problems. The collection and cleaning of waste in coastal areas also affects the situation. Solving this problem begins with awareness and education. It is important to protect nature, instill a love and respect for it in young people, and carry out ecological work together with society,” the scientist added.

 azertag.az